In the competitive landscape of manufacturing and services, quality is a key differentiator. It’s not just about meeting specifications or standards; it’s about fulfilling customer needs and expectations in a variety of ways. David A. Garvin, a professor at Harvard Business School, identified eight critical dimensions of quality that provide a comprehensive view of how organizations can think about, manage, and improve their products and services. These dimensions allow businesses to holistically evaluate the quality of their offerings beyond basic compliance to standards.